Akad Dalam Jual Beli : Akad Murabahah, Akad Salam, Akad Istishna
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61132/hidayah.v2i2.977Keywords:
Muamalah, Murabahah, Salam, Istishna’Abstract
Murabahah, salam, and istishna' are types of sale and purchase transactions that have conceptually been recognized and applied as contract options in Islamic financial institution products. The National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI), as the authority in issuing Islamic economic and financial fatwas, has issued rulings concerning these three types of transactions, in which various hadiths on legal rulings (ahkam muamalah) are cited as the basis. This paper aims to examine these hadiths from the DSN-MUI fatwas on murâbahah, salam, and istishna' through two perspectives: the analysis of authenticity (takhrij hadith) and the interpretation of substance (meaning analysis). The results indicate that these hadiths broadly cover key principles of sharia contracts such as mutual consent (ar-ridha), permissibility (al-ibâhah), and public interest (al-mashlahah); the notion of blessings in non-cash transactions (classified as weak hadith majhul category); prohibition of debt payment delays by those able to pay; and the permissibility of salam transactions and down payments (classified as weak hadith mursal category).
References
Afrida, Y. (2016). Analisis pembiayaan Murabahah di perbankan syariah. JEBI (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam), 1(2).
Akhyar, M., & Zukdi, I. (2025). Ahmad Dahlan’s thoughts on education as a means of empowering the people. World Journal of Islamic Learning and Teaching, 2(1), 1–12.
Akhyar, M., Zukdi, I., & Deliani, N. (2024). Value-based leadership of Islamic education teachers and its role in disciplinary religious practice formation: A qualitative case study in an Indonesian public school. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 13(2), 97–105.
Anggraini, B., Widya, L. T., Indra, Y. A., Ak, M., & Isnaini, D. (2022). Akad tabarru’ & tijarah: Dalam tinjauan fiqih muamalah. CV Sinar Jaya Berseri.
Basyir, A. A. (2000). Asas-asas hukum muamalat. UII Press.
Burhanuddin, S. (2009). Hukum kontrak syariah.
Fauziyyah, N. A., Febriadi, S. R., & Rojak, E. A. (2020). Tinjauan fikih muamalah akad istishna terhadap praktik jual beli pesanan parcel di produsen parcel ‘X’. Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, 6.
Gemala Dewi, S. H. (2018). Hukum perikatan Islam di Indonesia. Prenada Media.
Hamud, S. H. (1992). Tathwîr al-a‘mâl al-mashrafiyah bimâ yattafiq al-syarî‘ah al-Islâmiyah. Mathba’ah Al-Syarq.
Hani, U. (2022). Buku ajar fiqih muamalah. Universitas Islam Kalimantan MAB.
Harun, F. M. (2017). Fiqh muamalah. Muhammadiyah University Press.
Hidayah, M. R., Nawawi, K., & Arif, S. (2018). Analisis implementasi akad istishna pembiayaan rumah (studi kasus developer property syariah Bogor). Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 9(1), 1–12.
Karim, H. A. A. (2001). Ekonomi Islam: Suatu kajian temporer. Gema Insani.
Mardani, D. (2015). Hukum sistem ekonomi Islam. PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Mas’adi, G. A., & Kontekstual, F. M. (2002). Fiqh mu’amalah kontekstual. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Muhammad, D. R. (2009). Model-model akad pembiayaan di bank syariah. UII Press.
Nurdiani, T. W. (2021). Manajemen risiko dan implementasi jual beli istishna pada produk pembiayaan KPR bank syariah. Penerbit NEM.
Rahmattullah, S. Q. (2015). Pemenuhan hak komplian pembeli terhadap barang pesanan di toko-toko sepatu home industri Kota Malang: Tinjauan undang-undang perlindungan konsumen dan kompilasi hukum ekonomi syariah [Skripsi, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim].
Republik Indonesia. (2015). Al-Qur’an dan terjemahannya. Lajnah Pentashihan Mushaf Al-Qur’an.
Ridwan, M. (2005). Sistem dan prosedur operasional bank syari’ah. UII Press.
Rivai, H. V., & Andria, P. V. (2008). Islamic financial management: Teori, konsep, dan aplikasi panduan praktis untuk lembaga keuangan, nasabah, praktisi, dan mahasiswa. Rajawali.
Sa’diyah, M. (2019). Fiqih muamalah II: Teori dan praktik. Unisnu Press.
Saprida, S. (2018). Akad salam dalam transaksi jual beli. Mizan: Journal of Islamic Law, 4(1).
Syu’aibi, M. M., & Maghfur, I. (2019). Implementasi jual beli akad istishna’ di Konveksi Duta Collection’s Yayasan Darut Taqwa Sengonagung. MALIA: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 11(1), 139–150.
Zuhayli, W. (1989). Al-fiqhu al-Islami wa adillatuh. Dar al-Fikr.